Welcome to Day 15 of 100 Days of Python!

Today, we are working on Exercise 2: Good Morning Sir.

This exercise combines two important concepts we have already started learning:

• Python modules

• Conditional statements

The goal of the exercise is to create a program that checks the current time and greets the user appropriately:

• Good Morning

• Good Afternoon

• Good Evening

To determine the current time, Python provides the built-in time module.

In today's main.py, we first learn how to retrieve the current hour, minute, and second using time.strftime().

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What We Will Learn

In this exercise, we will learn:

• What the time module is

• How to import a module

• What time.strftime() does

• How to get the current time

• How to extract the hour, minute, and second

• Meaning of %H, %M, and %S

• How time information can be used with conditional statements

• How to build a time-based greeting program

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1. What Is the time Module?

Python provides many built-in modules that contain useful functionality.

One of them is the:

time

module.

The time module provides functions for working with:

• Time

• Dates and timestamps

• Formatting time

• Measuring time intervals

• Delays and other time-related operations

To use it, we first import it:

import time

After importing the module, we can access its functions using:

time.function_name()

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2. Importing the time Module

Our program begins with:

import time

This tells Python that we want to use functionality provided by the time module.

For example:

import time

print(time.strftime('%H:%M:%S'))

This can produce output similar to:

09:35:42

The exact output depends on the current time when the program runs.

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3. What Is strftime()?

The strftime() function is used to format a time value into a string according to a specified format.

The name comes from:

string format time

In our program:

time.strftime('%H:%M:%S')

we provide a formatting pattern:

%H:%M:%S

Each part represents a different component of the current time.

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4. Understanding %H:%M:%S

The format:

'%H:%M:%S'

contains three important format codes.

Code	Meaning	Example
%H	Hour in 24-hour format	09, 14, 21
%M	Minute	05, 30, 59
%S	Second	03, 42, 58

The colon : is simply a separator.

For example:

14:30:45

means:

Hour   = 14
Minute = 30
Second = 45

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5. Getting the Complete Current Time

Our first statement is:

timestamp = time.strftime('%H:%M:%S')

Here, Python gets the current local time and formats it as:

HH:MM:SS

For example:

08:25:17

The result is stored in the variable:

timestamp

Then:

print(timestamp)

prints it to the terminal.

Example:

08:25:17

The exact output will change depending on when you execute the program.

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6. Getting Only the Current Hour

Next, we have:

timestamp = time.strftime('%H')
print(timestamp)

Instead of requesting:

'%H:%M:%S'

we request only:

'%H'

Therefore, Python returns only the hour.

For example:

08

or:

17

or:

21

The %H format code represents the hour using a 24-hour clock, from:

00 → 23

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7. Getting Only the Current Minute

Next:

timestamp = time.strftime('%M')
print(timestamp)

Here %M represents the current minute.

Possible output:

37

The minute ranges from:

00 → 59

For example, if the current time is:

14:37:52

then:

time.strftime('%M')

returns:

37

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8. Getting Only the Current Second

Finally:

timestamp = time.strftime('%S')
print(timestamp)

%S represents the current second.

Possible output:

52

The second ranges from:

00 → 59

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9. Understanding the Complete main.py

Our current program is:

import time

timestamp = time.strftime('%H:%M:%S')
print(timestamp)

timestamp = time.strftime('%H')
print(timestamp)

timestamp = time.strftime('%M')
print(timestamp)

timestamp = time.strftime('%S')
print(timestamp)

Let's understand the execution step by step.

Step 1 – Import the Module

import time

Python loads the time module so that we can use its functionality.

Step 2 – Get Complete Time

timestamp = time.strftime('%H:%M:%S')

This gets the current hour, minute, and second.

Example:

09:42:15

Step 3 – Print Complete Time

print(timestamp)

Output:

09:42:15

Step 4 – Get Hour

timestamp = time.strftime('%H')

Example:

09

Step 5 – Get Minute

timestamp = time.strftime('%M')

Example:

42

Step 6 – Get Second

timestamp = time.strftime('%S')

Example:

15

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10. Example Output

Because the program uses the current system time, the output will be different every time you run it.

For example, if the program runs at approximately 9:42:15 AM, the output could be:

09:42:15
09
42
15

Another person running the same program at a different time could get:

18:27:53
18
27
53

Therefore, this program does not have one fixed output.

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11. Why Does %H Use 24-Hour Format?

The %H format code represents the hour in the range:

00 - 23

For example:

24-Hour Time	Meaning
00	Midnight
06	6 AM
09	9 AM
12	Noon
15	3 PM
18	6 PM
21	9 PM
23	11 PM

This is particularly useful for our exercise because we can use the hour to decide which greeting should be displayed.

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12. Connecting Time With Conditional Statements

In Day 14, we learned about:

if
elif
else

Now we can combine those concepts with the time module.

For example:

import time

hour = int(time.strftime('%H'))

if hour < 12:
    print("Good Morning Sir")
elif hour < 17:
    print("Good Afternoon Sir")
else:
    print("Good Evening Sir")

Here, the current hour is retrieved using:

time.strftime('%H')

But there is one important detail.

strftime() returns a string, so we convert it into an integer:

int(time.strftime('%H'))

This allows us to perform numerical comparisons such as:

hour < 12

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13. Building the Good Morning Sir Exercise

The intended exercise is to create a program that greets the user based on the current time.

One possible implementation is:

import time

hour = int(time.strftime('%H'))

if hour < 12:
    print("Good Morning Sir")
elif hour < 17:
    print("Good Afternoon Sir")
else:
    print("Good Evening Sir")

How It Works

First:

hour = int(time.strftime('%H'))

gets the current hour.

Suppose the current hour is:

09

After converting it:

hour

becomes:

9

Then Python checks:

if hour < 12:

Since:

9 < 12

is True, it prints:

Good Morning Sir

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14. Morning, Afternoon and Evening Conditions

A simple greeting structure can be:

00 – 11  → Good Morning
12 – 16  → Good Afternoon
17 – 23  → Good Evening

Using Python:

if hour < 12:
    print("Good Morning Sir")
elif hour < 17:
    print("Good Afternoon Sir")
else:
    print("Good Evening Sir")

Notice that we don't need to write:

elif hour >= 12 and hour < 17:

because once Python reaches the elif, we already know that:

hour >= 12

is true.

This makes the condition simpler:

elif hour < 17:

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15. Why Convert the Hour to an Integer?

Consider:

hour = time.strftime('%H')

The value stored in hour is a string.

For example:

hour = "09"

For numerical comparisons, it is clearer to convert it:

hour = int(time.strftime('%H'))

Now:

hour = 9

and we can safely perform numerical comparisons:

hour < 12
hour < 17

This is an important example of combining:

String → Integer → Comparison → Decision

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16. strftime() Format Codes Used Today

Here are the main format codes from today's exercise:

Format Code	Meaning	Example
%H	Hour, 24-hour format	18
%M	Minute	35
%S	Second	42
%H:%M:%S	Hour, minute and second	18:35:42

There are many other formatting codes available in Python's time module, but these are the ones used in today's exercise.

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17. Important Difference: time vs timestamp

The variable:

timestamp

is simply the name chosen in the tutorial/program.

For example:

timestamp = time.strftime('%H')

does not mean that the value is a Unix timestamp.

It is simply a string containing the formatted hour.

A clearer variable name for the greeting exercise would be:

hour = int(time.strftime('%H'))

Similarly:

current_time = time.strftime('%H:%M:%S')

would clearly describe the value being stored.

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18. Complete Practical Version

Combining today's exercise with the conditional statements from Day 14:

import time

current_time = time.strftime('%H:%M:%S')
hour = int(time.strftime('%H'))

print("Current time:", current_time)

if hour < 12:
    print("Good Morning Sir")
elif hour < 17:
    print("Good Afternoon Sir")
else:
    print("Good Evening Sir")

Example output in the morning:

Current time: 09:25:41
Good Morning Sir

Example output in the afternoon:

Current time: 14:25:41
Good Afternoon Sir

Example output in the evening:

Current time: 19:25:41
Good Evening Sir

The output changes automatically according to the current hour.

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19. Concepts Combined in This Exercise

This small exercise actually combines several programming concepts:

             time module
                  |
                  v
             strftime()
                  |
                  v
           Current hour
                  |
                  v
             int conversion
                  |
                  v
          Conditional logic
          /       |       \
         /        |        \
    Morning    Afternoon   Evening

This is a great example of how multiple small Python concepts can be combined to create a useful program.

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20. Quick Revision

What is time?

time is a Python standard-library module that provides functionality for working with time.

How do we import it?

import time

What does strftime() do?

It formats time information into a string according to a specified format.

What does %H represent?

The hour in 24-hour format:

00 - 23

What does %M represent?

The minute:

00 - 59

What does %S represent?

The second:

00 - 59

Why use int()?

Because strftime() returns formatted text, and converting the hour to an integer makes numerical comparisons straightforward.

How do we create the greeting?

Use the current hour with conditional statements:

if hour < 12:
    ...
elif hour < 17:
    ...
else:
    ...

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21. Key Takeaways

• Python provides a built-in time module for working with time.

• We can import it using import time.

• time.strftime() formats time into a string.

• %H gives the current hour in 24-hour format.

• %M gives the current minute.

• %S gives the current second.

• strftime() returns a string.

• int() can convert the hour into an integer for numerical comparisons.

• Conditional statements can be combined with time information.

• A simple program can automatically choose between Morning, Afternoon, and Evening greetings.

• The exact output changes depending on when the program is executed.

Day 15 is a great example of moving from learning individual Python features to combining them into a practical program.

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📂 Day 15 Resources

https://github.com/SriteshSuranjan/100-Days-of-Python/tree/main/15-Day15-Exercise-2-Good-Morning-Sir

Python time module documentation:

import time

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